IEEE SPS Sendai Chapter
Techical Meetings
技術講演会
- 日程: 2020年12月17日(木) 15:00-16:30
- 場所: オンライン開催（CISCO WebExを用いたビデオ会議形式）
当日に、このリンクにて参加登録をいただければ、講演会参加のためのWebExリンクをご取得いただけます。 - 講演者: Dr. Zhuo Chen (Microsoft Could & AI)
- 講演題目: Speech Recognition and Diarization for Unsegmented Multi-talker Recordings with Speaker Overlaps
- 言語: 英語
- 講演概要: As a natural phenomenon often observed in conversation, overlapped speech significantly degrades the performance of speech recognition and diarization. This has long hindered wider use of automatic speech recognition technologies in our daily lives. To tackle this problem, in recent years, drastic progress has been made in overlapped speech processing, starting from toy examples towards realistic conversation recordings. In particular, this research topic was extensively studied at this year's Jelinek summer workshop organized by Johns Hopkins University, where researchers world-widely gathered virtually for about 7 weeks, and extensively exchanged ideas on the current state-of-the-art and the new directions. In this talk, I will give a refreshed perspective of the problem, including its problem definition, background, challenges and recent trends observed from the workshop. Then I will give an in-depth introduction on recent technological advances brought by our Microsoft speech team, including the speech separation algorithms for long recording processing and its integration with real world conversation transcription systems. Lastly, I will introduce several recent attempts in modeling the long span overlapped speech in an end to end fashion.
- 主催: IEEE SPS Tokyo Joint/Kansai/Sendai Chapters
- 共催: NTTコミュニケーション科学基礎研究所
- 参加費: 無料
IEEE Distinguished Lecturer 講演会
- 日程: 2020年12月10日(木) 18:00-19:00
- 場所: オンライン開催（Zoomウェビナーを用いたビデオ会議形式）
当日に、このリンクにて参加登録をいただければ、講演会参加のためのZoomウェビナーリンクをご取得いただけます。 - 講演者: Prof. Andrea Cavallaro (Queen Mary University of London, UK)
- 講演題目: Adversarial attacks on image classifiers
- 言語: 英語
- 講演概要: Images we share online reveal information about personal choices and preferences, which can be inferred by classifiers. To prevent privacy violations and to protect the visual content from unwanted automatic inferences, I discuss how to exploit the vulnerability of classifiers to adversarial attacks to craft perturbations that maintain (and even improve) image quality. As adversarial perturbations designed to protect visual content against classifiers may be ineffective against classifiers that were not seen during the generation of the perturbation or against defences that use re-quantization or image compression, I will discuss how to craft perturbations based on randomised ensembles to make them robust to defences, on image semantics to selectively modify colours within chosen ranges that are perceived as natural by humans, and on perturbations that enhance image details.
- 主催: IEEE SPS Tokyo Joint/Kansai/Sendai Chapters
- 参加費: 無料
IEEE Distinguished Industry Speaker 講演会
- 日程: 2020年11月27日(金) 15:00-17:00
- 場所: オンライン開催（CISCO WebEXを用いたビデオ会議形式）
当日に、このリンクにて参加登録をいただければ、講演会参加のためのWebExリンクをご取得いただけます。 - 講演者: Dr. Akihiko Sugiyama (IEEE Fellow, Yahoo! Japan)
- 講演題目: Signal Enhancement in Consumer Products
- 言語: 日本語
- 講演概要: This lecture presents the A to Z of signal enhancement when it is applied to consumer products such as cellphone handsets, digital still cameras and camcorders, PCs and tablet computers, TV receivers, and gaming controllers. Starting from basic single channel signal enhancement in the frequency domain, it continues on to two-channel processing and multi-channel processing also known as microphone arrays. Types of noise to be covered include environmental noise, mechanical noise, impact (or transient) noise and wind noise. Problems and solutions that include recent topics are discussed for each application from a viewpoint of the algorithm and implementation. Sound demonstrations will be provided to help audience understand the effect of solutions.
IEEE Distinguished Industry Speaker 講演会
IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter では以下のDistinguished Industry Speakerによる 講演を開催することになりました。今回はスマートスピーカーやGoogle Assistantなど、最新のGoogleの技術動向に関する話があるものと思います。
IEEE会員でなくてもどなたでも無料で参加できますので、奮ってご参加ください。
また、これを機会にIEEE、ならびに音響学会に関連の深いSi gnal Processing Societyへの加入をご検討いただければ幸いです。
■講演会概要
日 時：２０１９年11月13日（水） １５：３０-１７：００
場 所：東北大学 電気通信研究所本館、１階、オープンセミナールーム
（宮城県仙台市青葉区片平二丁目1-1）
http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/j a/access/
演 題：Speech technologies at google: an overview
講 師：Dr. Pedro Moreno (Google Research)
講演概要
Title: Speech technologies at google: an overview
Abstract: In this talk, I'll give an overview of google speech technologies with a bigger focus on speech recognition. I’lldescribe the genesis of speech activities at google, its evolution over the last 15 years, and where speech technologies are movingin the future.
I will then spend a bit more time on the current state of the art in neural networks for speech modeling: sequence to sequenceneural nets. Sequence to sequence modeling brings some interesting advantages and simplifications in speech recognition,synthesis and voice conversion. Tasks that before were hard like multilinguality are much simplified now. I'll finish the talk describingour new work to help users with dysarthric speech, PARROTRON.
主 催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
共 催：日本音響学会東北支部、東北大学AIE卓越大学院プログラム
参加費：無料
問い合わせ先：IEEE SPS Tokyo Sendai Chapter Secretary
伊勢友彦（アルパイン(株)）
E-Mail: tomohiko.ise@alpsalpine.com
IEEE Distinguished Lecturer 講演会
場 所：東北大学 電気通信研究所本館、１階、オープンセミナールーム （宮城県仙台市青葉区片平二丁目1-1）
http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/j a/access/
演 題：Array processing and beamforming with Kronecker products
講 師：Prof. Israel Cohen (Technion - Israel Institute of Technology)
講演概要：
The focus of this talk is on array processing and beamforming with Kronecker products. We consider a large family of sensorarraysthat enable the decomposition of the steering vector as a Kronecker product of two steering vectors of smaller virtual arrays.Insteadof directly designing a global beamformer for the original array, we break it down following the decomposition of the steeringvector,and design smaller virtual beamformers separately optimized for each virtual array. This implies smaller matrices to invert,whichincreases the robustness of the beamformers, and less observations to estimate the statistics when necessary. We explainhow toperform beamforming with Kronecker product filters differently from the well-known and studied conventional approach. Weshowhow to derive fixed, adaptive, and differential beamformers with remarkable flexibility thanks to the Kronecker productformulation.Furthermore, fixed and adaptive beamformers can be combined very intelligently, so that the better of each one of thesetwoapproaches is emphasized for performance enhancement. We also address the problem of spatiotemporal signal enhancement,and explain how to perform Kronecker product filtering in this context.
講師略歴：Israel Cohen (F) is a Professor of electrical engineering at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.Hereceived the B.Sc. (Summa Cum Laude), M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Technion - Israel InstituteofTechnology, in 1990, 1993 and 1998, respectively. Dr. Cohen served as Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech,and Language Processing (2004-2007); Associate Editor, IEEE Signal Processing Letters (2004-2008); Member, AudioandAcoustic Signal Processing Technical Committee (2012-2017); and Member, Speech and Language ProcessingTechnicalCommittee (2013-2015). Dr. Cohen is a Fellow of the IEEE "for contributions to the theory and application of speechenhancement."He was awarded the Norman Seiden Prize for Academic Excellence (2017), the SPS Signal Processing LettersBest Paper Award(2014), the Alexander Goldberg Prize for Excellence in Research (2010), and the Muriel and David JacknowAward for Excellence inTeaching (2009). He is a coauthor of Fundamentals of Signal Enhancement and Array Signal Processing(Wiley-IEEE Press,2018). Dr. Cohen’s research interests are in the broad area of signal processing, with a specific focuson array processing,statistical signal processing, analysis and modeling of acoustic signals, speech enhancement, noiseestimation, microphonearrays, source localization, blind source separation, system identification and adaptive filtering.
主 催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
共 催：東北大学、日本音響学会東北支部
参加費：無料
問い合わせ先：IEEE SPS Tokyo Sendai Chapter Secretary
伊勢友彦（アルパイン(株)）
E-Mail: tomohiko.ise@alpsalpine.com
IEEE Distinguished Industry Speaker 講演会
IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter では以下のDistinguished Industry Speaker講演を開催することになりました。
IEEE会員でなくてもどなたでも無料で参加できますので、奮ってご参加ください。
日 時：２０１９年８月７日（水）15：30?17：00
場 所：東北大学 電気通信研究所本館、１階、オープンセミナールーム （宮城県仙台市青葉区片平二丁目1-1）
http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/j a/access/
演 題：Robust and Practical Approaches to the Cocktail Party Problem for Hearing Devices
講 師：Dr. Tao Zhang (Starkey Hearing Technologies)
講演概要
The cocktail party problem has remained to be one of the most challenging problems for hearing devices even after decades ofextensive research. In this talk, we will introduce and discuss our research on the multi-microphone speech enhancement with anemphasis on robust and practical real-time algorithms for hearing devices. We will first present our research on multiple-microphonespeech enhancement using a microphone array alone.
Secondly, we will present our latest research on the multimodal speech enhancement using both brain signals (i.e. EEG) andmicrophone signals in a single joint-optimization framework. In both cases, we will use objective and subjective evaluation todemonstrate the algorithms’ effectiveness.
Finally, we will discuss the challenges and opportunities in deploying these algorithms in the real-world.
主 催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
共 催：東北大学、日本音響学会東北支部
参加費：無料
問い合わせ先：IEEE SPS Tokyo Sendai Chapter Secretary
伊勢友彦（アルパイン(株)）
E-Mail: tomohiko.ise@alpsalpine.com
協賛講演会
以下の講演を行いますので､ふるってご参加ください。どなたでも 参加できます。登録、参加料は不要です。
題名：日本における５Ｇ実現に向けた戦略と最新動向
概要： ①5GMFの概要とこれまでの成果
②5Gのキーコンセプトと性能目標
③5Gシステム総合実証試験の概要と日本の5G周波数戦略
講師：一般社団法人 電波産業会 (ARIB) 常務理事
佐藤 孝平 氏
日時:7月22日（月）16：10-17：10
場所：山形大学米沢キャンパス7号館302号室
主催：電気学会東北支部、山形大学大学院理工学研究科電気電子工 学専攻
協賛：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
問い合わせ先：山形大学大学院理工学研究科
近藤和弘（kkondo@yz.yamagata-u.ac.j p）
第33回信号処理シンポジウム
Website: http://www.ieice.org/~sip/symp/2018/
国際会議 IIH-MSP 2018のお知らせ
Website: https://iihmsp2018.github.io/
学術講演会のお知らせ
題目：第5世代モバイル推進フォーラム（5GMF） の最新の活動紹介
講師：ARIB 佐藤孝平氏
要旨： 第5世代モバイル推進フォーラム（5GMF）の最新の活動紹介： 5GMFの活動概要を述べると共に各委員会の最新の活動状況と成 果について説明する。
主催：電気学会東北支部、 山形大学大学院理工学研究科電気電子工学専攻
共催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
日時：6月25日（月）16：10から17：10（予定）
場所：山形大学工学部7号館2階220教室
問い合わせ先：山形大学大学院理工学研究科 近藤和弘
kkondoあっとyz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
どなたでも参加できます。参加費は無料です。
Distinguished Lecturer講演会のご案内
IEEE SPS Sendai Chapterでは，下記のように Distinguished Lecturer 講演会を 開催します．皆様ふるってご参加ください．
記
- 日時：2018年6月13日（水）10:30～12:00
- 場所：東北大学 電気通信研究所 １階 オープンセミナー室
- 演題：Generating adversarial examples with a neural network
- 講演概要：
As neural network classifiers become increasingly successful at various tasks ranging from speech recognition and image classification to various natural language processing tasks and even recognizing malware, a second, somewhat disturbing discovery has also been made.
It is possible to *fool* these systems with carefully crafted inputs that appear to the lay observer to be natural data, but cause the neural network to misclassify in random or even targeted ways.
In this talk we will discuss the problem of designing, identifying, and avoiding attacks by such crafted "adversarial" inputs. We will explain how the basic training algorithms for neural networks may be turned around to learn adversarial examples, and explain why such learning is nearly always possible. Subsequently, we will explain several approaches to producing adversarial examples to fool systems such as image classifiers, speech recognition and speaker verification systems, and malware detection systems. We will describe both "glass box" approaches, where one has access to the internals of the classifier, and "black box" approaches where one does not.
講師略歴: Dr. Bhiksha Raj is a professor in the school of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. Dr. Raj received his PhD from Carnegie Mellon University in 2000. He has been on the faculty of CMU since 2009, where he is part of the Language Technologies Institute, with additional affiliations to the Machine Learning, Music Technology, and Electrical and Computer Engineering departments. Dr. Raj's research interests include robust speech recognition, audio signal processing, privacy and security, machine learning, and deep learning. He has authored well over 200 peer-reviewed papers on these topics, several of which have won awards. Dr. Raj is a fellow of the IEEE.
共催：東北大学 音響工学研究会
問い合わせ：伊藤彰則（東北大学大学院工学研究科） aito AT spcom.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter/Seidai Sectionによる信号処理学術講演会
東北地区で信号処理関連の著名な研究者2名の方に最新の研究紹介 を行っていただく機会を設けました。 IEEE会員でなくても出席できますので、 東北地区の信号処理研究にご興味がある方は是非ご参加下さい。 事前登録不要で、参加費無料です。日時：4月17日 16：00～17：45
場所：東北大学電気通信研究所 本館一階オープンセミナー室
予定：
（１）IEEE Sendai Sectionの紹介
IEEE Sendai Section Chair, 東北大学電気通信研究所教授 中沢正隆
（２）IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapterの紹介
IEEE SPS Sendai Chair, 山形大学教授 近藤和弘
（３）人間・機械間のメタコミュニケーション
東北大学教授 伊藤彰則
（４）Multipresence and Signal Processing（仮題）
会津大学教授 Michael Cohen
主催：IEEE Sendai Section
共催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
We welcome two distinguished researchers conducting research in fields
related to signal processing in the Tohoku area. All are invited to
attend this event to find out some of the cutting-edge research in
this area.
Date: APR. 17, 2017
Venue: RIEC, Tohoku University
http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/ access/
------------------------------
16:00-17:45 Meetings
(at 1F Open Seminar Room)
------------------------------
Introduction of Sendai Section
Prof. Masataka Nakazawa, Chair of IEEE Sendai Section
Introduction of IEEE Siganal Processing Society Sendai Chapter
Prof. Kazuhiro Kondo, Chair of SPS Sendai Chapter/Yamagata University
1st Talk(40min): Metacommunication between human and machine
Lecturer - Prof. Akinoro Ito, Tohoku University
2nd Talk(40min): Multipresence and Signal Processing (tentative title)
Lecturer - Prof. Michael Cohen, University of Aizu
Distinguished Lecturer講演会
共催： 東北大学音響工学研究会日時：2016年11月4日 15:30～
会場：東北大学電気通信研究所 1階オープンセミナールーム
〒980-8577 仙台市青葉区片平2-1-1 http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/access/
講師： Paris Smaragdis
Associate Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
http://paris.cs.illinois.edu/
講演題目： Machine Listening: Making Computers that Understand Sound
ABSTRACT:
Enabling machines to perceive the world using various modalities is one of the holy grails of artificial intelligence. In this talk I will present some research on creating machines that do as such by listening. I will discuss some of the unique difficulties in this field and present a thread of research which spans a range of computational disciplines relating to signal processing, machine learning and cryptography. This research will be introduced in the context of classic audio problems such as time/frequency analysis, music transcription, source separation, recognition in mixtures and more. I’ll show how this work generalizes and finds applications to other domains, what its practical implications are, and what it takes to move it from the whiteboard to the real-world.
問い合わせ： 伊藤彰則 (東北大学工学研究科) aito [AT] spcom.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
Technical Meeting
Co-sponsered by 東北大学音響工学研究会
Date: 6 November, 2015
Place: 1F Open Seminar Room, RIEC, Tohoku University
2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN
Lecturer: Fred B. H. Juang
School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology
Title: Deep Neural Networks - A Developmental Perspective
Contact: Akinori Ito (Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku Univ.) aito [AT] spcom.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
Technical Meeting
Co-sponsered by 東北大学音響工学研究会、東北大学超音波エレクトロニクス研究会Date: 26 December 2014, 13:00-
Place: Lecture Room 103, ECEI Building (D18), Aobayama Campus, Tohoku University
6-6-5 Aramaki aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 Japan
366-1, 76-1. 13:00-13:40
「キャビテーション気泡発生領域近傍および準遠方における超音波加熱増強効果の解析」
宮下拓也1，安田惇1，田口渓2，吉澤晋1，梅村晋一郎2
(1 東北大学大学院工学研究科，2 東北大学大学院医工学研究科)
366-2, 76-2. 13:40-14:20
「キャビテーション気泡の生成維持特性を考慮した焦点位置補正による加熱凝固領域の効率化と精度向上に関する研究」
後藤功太1，高木亮2，宮下拓也1，神保勇人1，吉澤晋1，梅村晋一郎2
(1 東北大学大学院工学研究科，2 東北大学大学院医工学研究科)
14:20-14:30 休憩
366-3, 76-3. 14:30-15:10
「ユーザプロファイリング対話システムにおける対話意欲自動推定に関する検討」
千葉祐弥，能勢隆，伊藤彰則 (東北大学大学院工学研究科)
366-4, 76-4. 15:10-15:50
「自己組織化マップによるベクトル量子化とビットエラー耐性について」
伊藤彰則 (東北大学大学院工学研究科)
15:50-16:00 休憩
366-5, 76-5. 16:00-17:00
【招待講演】「感動評価語を用いた音響システムの品質評価」
大出訓史（日本放送協会 放送技術研究所）
音響工学研究会幹事連絡先：
坂本修一
〒980--8577 仙台市青葉区片平2--1--1
東北大学電気通信研究所
電話：022(217)5461
FAX：022(217)5535
E-mail: saka@ais.riec.tohoku.ac.jp
能勢隆
〒980--8579 仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉6--6--05
東北大学大学院工学研究科
電話：022(795)7112
E-mail: tnose@m.tohoku.ac.jp
Technical Meeting
Date: 12 November, 2014, 13:00-
Place: Confernce Room 451/453, ECEI Building (D11), Aobayama Campus, Tohoku University
6-6-5 Aramaki aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 Japan
Lecturer: V. John Mathews
Professor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah
Title: Signal Processing for Diagnostic Medicine
Abstract:
Analysis of commonly measured physiological signals can provide many clues about a person’s health.
An example is heart rate variability. Heart rate variability and other measures of complexity of the heart
rate behavior over time have been used in health assessment of adults, children and fetuses. The first part
of this talk will provide two examples of how heart rate variability and related properties of the circulation system
may be used for early detection of pregnancy-related diseases such as preeclampsia, and to monitor the status of adult sepsis patients. The second part of
the talk will discuss how we can apply signal processing techniques to build tools for reliably and non-invasively monitoring the cardiovascular state of fetuses using
ultrasound techniques. In this part of the talk, we will answer questions such as: (1) How can we accurately
measure heart rate variability in fetuses? (2) How do we noninvasively measure aortic blood pressure in
fetuses? (3) Is it possible to measure and track parameters of the fetal circulation system such as the
diameter of fetal arteries and properties such as pulse wave velocity and shear stress on aortic walls?
Contact: Akinori Ito (Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku Univ.) aito [AT] spcom.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
Technical Meeting
Co-sponsered by 東北大学音響工学研究会、東北大学超音波エレクトロニクス研究会
Date: 26 December 2013, 13:00-
Place: Lecture Room 103, ECEI Building (D18), Aobayama Campus, Tohoku University
6-6-5 Aramaki aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 Japan
Program:
13:00-13:40
「キャラクタの印象がユーザの許容度に与える影響～音声対話アプリケーションを用いた検証～」
大谷智子1, 徐シン2, 加藤恒夫2, 相澤清晴3
(1 東北大学電気通信研究所, 2 (株)KDDI研究所, 3 東京大学)
13:40-14:20
「屋外拡声系の語彙選択法の検討と津波警報音の開発－災害情報の伝達性能の向上を目指して－」
崔正烈1, 増見洋治1,2, 虎井駿1,2, 坂本修一1,2, 岩谷幸雄3, 鈴木陽一1,2
(1 東北大学電気通信研究所, 2 東北大学大学院情報科学研究科, 3 東北学院大学)
14:20-15:00
「テキスト音声合成における統計的アプローチに基づく音声多様化の検討」
能勢隆 (東北大学大学院工学研究科)
15:00-15:15 休憩
15:15-15:55
「心臓壁の収縮機能評価のための2次元変位推定における心筋の変形を考慮した超音波信号間の相関算出」
浅利大1, 長谷川英之2,1, 金井浩1,2
(1 東北大学大学院工学研究科, 2 東北大学大学院医工学研究科)
15:55-16:35
「超音波信号の振幅・位相に基づく心臓壁領域自動同定法における心臓壁ラテラル方向変位にロバストな特徴抽出の最適化」
中原紘平1, 長谷川英之2,1, 金井浩1,2
(1 東北大学大学院工学研究科, 2 東北大学大学院医工学研究科)
Contact: Shuichi Sakamoto (RIEC, Tohoku Univ.) saka [AT] ais.riec.tohoku.ac.jp
SP Society Sendai Chapter Kickoff Meeting
Co-sponsered by 東北大学音響工学研究会
Date: 18 December 2013, 15:00-17:00
Place: Lecture Room 103, ECEI Building (D18), Aobayama Campus, Tohoku University
6-6-5 Aramaki aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 Japan
(1) Akihiko Sugiyama/杉山 昭彦 (NEC)
“25 Years of Audio Coding: Technology, Standardization, Competition, Collaboration, Compromise, and Encounter with a 1994 Signal Processing Heritage: the Ancestor of iPod”
「オーディオ符号化の25年：技術、標準化、競争、協業、妥協、そしてiPodの祖先である1994年の信号処理遺産との遭遇」
(2) Toshio Koga/古閑 敏夫 （元・山形大学）
“Development of Picture Codingg Techniques for Transmission/Storage/Communication -- Road to MPEG --”
「伝送・蓄積・通信に関する画像符号化技術の発展－－ MPEGへの道程 －－」
終了後懇親会を行う予定です。
Contact: Akinori Ito (Grad. Sch. Engin., Tohoku Univ.) aito [AT] spcom.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
学術講演会 「情報検索の認知モデル」
講師：神門 典子 教授 (国立情報学研究所)
日時：平成25年12月6日(金)，14時25分～15時55分
場所：山形大学 工学部 4-116教室（米沢市城南４－３－１６）
参加費：無料（どなたでも聴講できます）
主催：電子情報通信学会東北支部
共催：IEEE Signal Processing Society Sendai Section
問合せ先：井上雅史（山形大学大学院理工学研究科）
講演概要：
情報検索は， 問い合わせに対して結果を返すというだけのプロセスではない．
対話的，反復的に探索を行っている過程で， 利用者の認知モデルは変化していくと考えられる． このような探索過程における利用者の認知モデルは，情報検索システムとそのインタラクションの設計に必要不可欠であ る．
本講演では，情報検索のプロセスを概説したのち，検索中の認知を計測する研究の動向と， 講演者らの研究とを紹介する．